Tip of the day #1:
Did you know that the Identity parameter is a "positional parameter"? That means you can use:
Get-Mailbox "user" instead of: Get-Mailbox -Identity "user"
It's a neat usability shortcut!
Tip of the day #2:
Did you know that the Identity parameter is a "positional parameter"? That means you can use:
Get-Mailbox "user" instead of: Get-Mailbox -Identity "user"
It's a neat usability shortcut!
Tip of the day #3:
Did you know that the Identity parameter is a "positional parameter"? That means you can use:
Get-Mailbox "user" instead of: Get-Mailbox -Identity "user"
It's a neat usability shortcut!
Tip of the day #4:
Did you know that the Identity parameter is a "positional parameter"? That means you can use:
Get-Mailbox "user" instead of: Get-Mailbox -Identity "user"
It's a neat usability shortcut!
Tip of the day #5:
Tired of typing a long command every time that you want to do something? Alias it! Type:
Set-Alias GetMre Get-ManagementRoleEntry
For all the current aliases, type:
Get-Alias
Tip of the day #6:
Want to see the members of a dynamic distribution group that has a custom filter? Just use the Get-Recipient cmdlet. Type:
$DDG = Get-DynamicDistributionGroup "Contoso Marketing Managers"
Get-Recipient -RecipientPreviewFilter $DDG.RecipientFilter
Tip of the day #7:
The Exchange Management Shell is a calculator, too! Try it directly at a command prompt:
1.2343+3123 or (23/435)*2
Tip of the day #8:
Command line SOS! Do you need help? Type:
Help <cmdlet-name> or <cmdlet-name> -?
You can choose what information to return when you view Help by using the Detailed, Full, and Examples switches:
Help Get-Mailbox -Detailed
Tip of the day #9:
Want to look at Help for a cmdlet but don't want to read through pages and pages of text in the Shell window? Just use t
he Online switch with the Get-Help cmdlet. The Online switch tells the Shell to open the online version of the cmdlet's
Help topic in your default browser. Type:
Get-Help <cmdlet> -Online
Tip of the day #10:
The tilde character (~) should be familiar to Unix users. It represents the shortcut to your root directory. To see what
it's evaluated to by default, type:
Dir ~
You can use it as a useful shortcut:
Cp SomeFile "~\My Documents"
Tip of the day #11:
CTRL+C is the equivalent of the hard-break command in the Exchange Management Shell. If a command is taking too long to
run or you want to cancel an operation quickly, press CTRL+C to stop execution.
Tip of the day #12:
Pushd and Popd work the same way in the Exchange Management Shell as they do in cmd.exe. Type:
Pushd <location>
Tip of the day #13:
XML over everything! The Exchange Management Shell treats XML as a native type, so that you can do interesting things li
ke:
$Sample = [XML](Get-Content SomeXMLFile.xml)
This command assigns $Sample to the actual XML object. To see it, type:
$Sample
To navigate, type:
$Sample.Prop1.Prop2
No need for text parsing when you want to load XML data!
Tip of the day #14:
Cmdlets that end in "Config" manage singleton configuration, either one per server or organization. For these tasks, you
don't have to specify an identity because there is only one instance of the configuration. You may have to specify the
Server parameter if the configuration is per server.
Tip of the day #15:
To get a list of all users on an Exchange 2013 server who aren't Unified Messaging-enabled, type:
$Mailboxes = Get-Mailbox
$Mailboxes | ForEach { If($_.UmEnabled -Eq $False){$_.Name}}
Tip of the day #16:
To get a list of all users on an Exchange 2013 server who are Unified Messaging-enabled, type:
$Mailboxes = Get-Mailbox
$Mailboxes = | ForEach { If($_.UmEnabled -Eq $True){$_.Name}}
Tip of the day #17:
To display the user's alias formatted in a table together with the user's Exchange 2013 server name and telephone extens
ion, type:
Get-Mailbox | Format-Table ServerName,@{e={$_.SamAccountName};Label="User Alias"},@{Expression="Extensions";Label="Tele
phone numbers"}
Tip of the day #18:
To display the list of UM IP gateway server names disabled for outbound calling and hunt groups associated with a UM IP
gateway server, type:
$Gateways = Get-UMIPGateway
$Gateways | ForEach {If($_.OutCallsAllowed -Eq $False){ "Gateway Name = " +$_.Name;ForEach ($HuntGroup In $_.Huntgroups
){"Huntgroups " + $Huntgroup}}}
Tip of the day #19:
If you want to test all IP Block List providers, you just have to pipe the Get-IpBlockListProvider cmdlet to the Test-Ip
BlockListProvider cmdlet:
Get-IpBlockListProvider | Test-IpBlockListProvider -IpAddress 192.168.0.1
Tip of the day #20:
Before you remove an object by using the Remove verb, use the WhatIf parameter to verify the results are what you expect
.
Tip of the day #21:
Sometimes it's useful to convert the output of a cmdlet to a string to interoperate with native cmdlets. For example, ty
pe:
Get-Mailbox | Out-String | Findstr "Administrator"
Tip of the day #22:
Get all Win32 WMI information, such as Perfmon counters and local computer configurations. For example, type:
Get-WMIObject Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Memory
Tip of the day #23:
Who isn't tired of spam? You can configure real-time block list (RBL) providers with the Exchange Management Shell by ru
nning the following two commands:
Set-IPBlockListProvidersConfig -Enabled $True -ExternalMailEnabled $True
and then
Add-IPBlockListProvider -Name <Name of RBL Provider> -LookupDomain <FQDN of RBL Provider> -AnyMatch $True
Tip of the day #24:
Access the event log from the Exchange Management Shell. To retrieve the whole event log, type:
Get-EventLog Application | Format-List
To retrieve all Exchange-related events, type:
Get-EventLog Application | Where { $_.Source -Ilike "*Exchange*" }
Tip of the day #25:
One benefit of the Exchange Management Shell is that cmdlets can output objects to the console. You can then manipulate
this output and organize it in interesting ways. For example, to get a quick view in tabular format, use Format-Table:
Get-Mailbox | Format-Table Name,Database,RulesQuota
Tip of the day #26:
Forget a property name? Not a problem because you can use wildcard characters to retrieve all properties that match the
part of the name that you specify:
Get-Mailbox | Format-Table Name,*SMTP*
Tip of the day #27:
Want to work with data contained in a CSV file? Use Import-CSV to assign the data to an object. For example, type:
$MyCSV = Import-CSV TestFile.CSV
You can then manipulate the data easily in the Exchange Management Shell. For example, if there is a column called Mailb
oxes in the CSV data, you can use the following commands to sort or group the data by the Mailboxes column:
To sort: $MyCSV | Sort Mailboxes
To group: $MyCSV | Group Mailboxes
Tip of the day #28:
This command spins through all your mailbox servers and reconnects all the uniquely identified but disconnected mailboxes in any one of the mailbox stores:
$Servers = Get-ExchangeServer
$Servers | `
Where { $_.IsMailboxServer -Eq '$True' } `
| ForEach { Get-MailboxStatistics -Server $_.Name `
| Where { $_.DisconnectDate -NotLike '' } `
| ForEach { Connect-Mailbox -Identity `
$_.DisplayName -Database $_.DatabaseName} }
Tip of the day #29:
Tab completion reduces the number of keystrokes required to complete a cmdlet. Just press the TAB key to complete the cm
dlet you're typing. Tab completion kicks in whenever there is a hyphen (-) in the input. For example:
Get-Send<tab>
should complete to Get-SendConnector. You can even use wildcards, such as:
Get-U*P*<tab>
Pressing the TAB key when you enter this command cycles through all cmdlets that match the expression, such as the Unifi
ed Messaging Mailbox policy cmdlets.
Tip of the day #30:
Tab completion reduces the number of keystrokes required to complete a cmdlet. Just press the TAB key to complete the cm
dlet you're typing. Tab completion kicks in whenever there is a hyphen (-) in the input. For example:
Get-Send<tab>
should complete to Get-SendConnector. You can even use wildcards, such as:
Get-U*P*<tab>
Pressing the TAB key when you enter this command cycles through all cmdlets that match the expression, such as the Unifi
ed Messaging Mailbox policy cmdlets.
Tip of the day #31:
Tab completion reduces the number of keystrokes required to complete a cmdlet. Just press the TAB key to complete the cm
dlet you're typing. Tab completion kicks in whenever there is a hyphen (-) in the input. For example:
Get-Send<tab>
should complete to Get-SendConnector. You can even use wildcards, such as:
Get-U*P*<tab>
Pressing the TAB key when you enter this command cycles through all cmdlets that match the expression, such as the Unifi
ed Messaging Mailbox policy cmdlets.
Tip of the day #32:
Tab completion reduces the number of keystrokes required to complete a cmdlet. Just press the TAB key to complete the cm
dlet you're typing. Tab completion kicks in whenever there is a hyphen (-) in the input. For example:
Get-Send<tab>
should complete to Get-SendConnector. You can even use wildcards, such as:
Get-U*P*<tab>
Pressing the TAB key when you enter this command cycles through all cmdlets that match the expression, such as the Unifi
ed Messaging Mailbox policy cmdlets.
Tip of the day #33:
Want to create a group of test users in your lab? Use this command:
1..100 | ForEach { Net User "User$_" MyPassword=01 /ADD /Domain; Enable-Mailbox "User$_" }
Tip of the day #34:
Like the Exchange Management Shell Tip of the Day? Try this:
Get-Tip
Tip of the day #35:
Want to set the properties on all or some Outlook Web Access virtual directories? Pipe the output of Get-OwaVirtualDirec
tory to the Set-OwaVirtualDirectory cmdlet. For example, the following command sets the Gzip level for all Outlook Web A
ccess virtual directories:
Get-OwaVirtualDirectory | Set-OwaVirtualDirectory -GzipLevel High
Tip of the day #36:
Want to move your database path to another location? Type:
Move-DatabasePath -EdbFilePath DestFileName
To change the file path setting without moving data, use this command together with the ConfigurationOnly parameter. Thi
s command is especially useful for disaster recovery. Caution: Misuse of this cmdlet will cause data loss.
Tip of the day #37:
Need an easy way to add a new primary SMTP address to a group of mailboxes? The following command creates a new email ad
dress policy that assigns the @contoso.com domain to the primary SMTP address of all mailboxes with Contoso in the compa
ny field:
New-EmailAddressPolicy -Name Contoso -RecipientFilter {Company -Eq "Contoso"} -EnabledPrimarySMTPAddressTemplate "@cont
oso.com"
Tip of the day #38:
Want to retrieve a group of objects that have similar identities? You can use wildcard characters with the Identity para
meter to match multiple objects. Type:
Get-Mailbox *John*
Get-ReceiveConnector *toso.com
Get-JournalRule *discovery*
Tip of the day #39:
Want to configure a group of objects that have similar identities? You can use wildcard characters with the Identity par
ameter when you use a Get cmdlet and pipe the output to a Set cmdlet. Type:
$Mailboxes = Get-Mailbox *John*
$Mailboxes | Set-Mailbox -ProhibitSendQuota 100MB -UseDatabaseQuotaDefaults $False
This command matches all mailboxes with the name John in the mailbox's identity and sets the ProhibitSendQuota parameter
to 100MB. It also sets the UseDatabaseQuotaDefaults parameter to $False so that the server uses the new quota you speci
fied instead of the database default quota limits.
Tip of the day #40:
Forgot what the available parameters are on a cmdlet? Just use tab completion! Type:
Set-Mailbox -<tab>
When you type a hyphen (-) and then press the TAB key, you cycle through all the available parameters on the cmdlet. Wan
t to narrow your search? Type part of the parameter's name and then press the TAB key. Type:
Set-Mailbox -Prohibit<tab>
Tip of the day #41:
Want to add an alias to multiple distribution groups that have a similar name? Type:
$Groups = Get-DistributionGroup *Exchange*
$Groups | Add-DistributionGroupMember -Member kim
This command adds the alias kim to all distribution groups that contain the word Exchange.
Tip of the day #42:
Want to record exactly what happens when you're using the Exchange Management Shell? Use the Start-Transcript cmdlet. An
ything that you do after you run this cmdlet will be recorded to a text file that you specify. To stop recording your se
ssion, use the Stop-Transcript cmdlet.
Notice that the Start-Transcript cmdlet overwrites the destination text file by default. If you want to append your sess
ion to an existing file, use the Append parameter:
Start-Transcript c:\MySession.txt -Append
Tip of the day #43:
Do you have a user who has network access but maintains an external mail account outside your Exchange organization? Wit
h Exchange 2013, you can now create mail-enabled users that are regular Active Directory accounts, but also behave like
mail-enabled contacts. By using the Enable-MailUser cmdlet, you can add email contact attributes to any existing Active
Directory user who doesn't already have a mailbox on an Exchange server. Users in your Exchange organization will then b
e able to send email messages to that user's external mail account. Type:
Enable-MailUser -Identity <Active Directory Alias> -ExternalEmailAddress <Destination SMTP Address>
Tip of the day #44:
Want to change the default prohibit send quota for a mailbox database? Type:
Set-MailboxDatabase <Mailbox Database Name> -ProhibitSendQuota <New Quota Size>
You can specify a bytes qualifier when you use the ProhibitSendQuota parameter. For example, if you want to set the proh
ibit send quota to 200 megabytes, type:
Set-MailboxDatabase <Mailbox Database Name> ProhibitSendQuota 200MB
You can also configure the IssueWarningQuota parameter and the ProhibitSendReceiveQuota parameter in the same way.
Tip of the day #45:
Want to know what version of Exchange Server each of your servers is running? Type:
Get-ExchangeServer | Format-Table Name, *Version*
Tip of the day #46:
Want to determine whether a server is running Exchange Server 2013 Standard, Enterprise or Hybrid Edition? Type:
Get-ExchangeServer <Server Name> | Format-Table Name, Edition
If you want to view which edition all your Exchange servers are running, omit the <Server Name> parameter.
Tip of the day #47:
Want to create a new resource mailbox that can be used to book a meeting room? Type:
New-Mailbox -Name <Conference Room Name> -UserPrincipalName <SMTP Address> -OrganizationalUnit <Organizational Unit> -Room
This command creates a disabled Active Directory user who has a mailbox that accepts meeting requests from users.
Tip of the day #48:
Want to control the properties of email messages sent to a specific domain? Use the RemoteDomain cmdlets. Create a new r
emote domain by using the New-RemoteDomain cmdlet. Type:
New-RemoteDomain -Name "Contoso.com Configuration" -DomainName contoso.com
Then modify the properties that you want for this remote domain by using the Set-RemoteDomain cmdlet:
Set-RemoteDomain "Contoso.com Configuration" -AutoReplyEnabled $True -AutoForwardEnabled $True
Tip of the day #49:
Booleans are parameters that can be evaluated as either $True or $False. Booleans are typically used as a flag on an obj
ect that modifies the behavior of that object. In the Exchange Management Shell, you must supply a Boolean parameter wit
h either a $True, $False, 1, or 0. No other values are accepted, including True or False. For example, both of the follo
wing commands set the enabled state of the ExampleAssignment management role assignment to $True:
Set-ManagementRoleAssignment ExampleAssignment -Enabled $True
Set-ManagementRoleAssignment ExampleAssignment -Enabled 1
Tip of the day #50:
Want an easy way to apply deleted item retention limits across multiple databases and servers? Try the following command
to configure deleted item retention across all databases on a specified server:
Get-MailboxDatabase -Server <Server Name> | Set-MailboxDatabase -DeletedItemRetention 45.00:00:00
You can also apply the same deleted item retention limits or mailbox retention limits across all servers in your organiz
ation:
Get-MailboxDatabase | Set-MailboxDatabase -DeletedItemRetention 45.00:00:00 -MailboxRetention 120.00:00:00
Tip of the day #51:
Want to know what permissions an Active Directory user account has on a specific mailbox? Use:
Get-Mailbox <Mailbox to Check> | Get-MailboxPermission -User <Active Directory User>
Tip of the day #52:
Want to know which mailboxes a specific Active Directory user has permissions to? Type:
$Mailboxes = Get-Mailbox -ResultSize Unlimited
$Mailboxes | Get-MailboxPermission -User <Active Directory User> | Format-Table Identity, AccessRights, Deny
Caution: This command enumerates all the mailboxes in your organization. If you have lots of mailboxes, you may want to
target specific mailboxes.
Tip of the day #53:
Want to get a list of the backup status of all mailbox databases in your organization? Type:
Get-MailboxDatabase -Status | Format-Table Name, Server, *Backup*
How about just the mailbox databases on a specific server? Type:
$Databases = Get-MailboxDatabase -Server <Server Name> -Status
$Databases | Format-Table Name, *Backup*
Tip of the day #54:
To retrieve the current status of an Exchange server or database, use the Status parameter. For example:
Get-ExchangeServer -Status | Format-List
Get-MailboxDatabase -Server <Server Name> -Status | Format-List
Tip of the day #55:
Want to view the mounted status of all mailbox databases? Type:
Get-MailboxDatabase -Status | Format-Table Name, Server, Mounted
Tip of the day #56:
What's the difference between server-side filtering and client-side filtering? Server-side filtering is used with the re
cipient and queue cmdlets, which support the Filter parameter, because these cmdlets can return large result sets. The s
erver filters the results by using the criteria you specify and then sends you the filtered results. Client-side filteri
ng can be used with any cmdlet. The entire result set is sent to the client computer, which then filters the data and pr
ovides a filtered result set. Client-side filtering uses the Where-Object cmdlet, which can be shortened to Where.
Tip of the day #57:
With Exchange 2013 Unified Messaging, you can redirect unauthenticated callers to certain telephone extensions to an ope
rator instead of to the extension that was dialed. To list users for whom Unified Messaging transfers unauthenticated ca
llers to the operator, instead of to the user, type:
$Mailboxes = Get-UMMailbox
$Mailboxes | Where-Object { $_.AllowUMCallsFromNonUsers -eq `
[Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Directory.Recipient.AllowUMCallsFromNonUsersFlags] "None" }
Tip of the day #58:
You can use client-side filtering to return only the data that you want to see or work with. The following example retri
eves all Active Directory user accounts in the Engineering department and puts the results in a table with two columns,
Name and Department. By using the ResultSize parameter, the Get-User cmdlet limits the result set to 2,000 users.
$Users = Get-User -ResultSize 2000
$Users | Where { $_.Department -Eq "Engineering" } | Format-Table Name, Department
Tip of the day #59:
The special variable $_ represents the objects being passed from one cmdlet to another cmdlet in the pipeline. The $_ va
riable is automatically initiated by the Shell and is bound to the current pipeline object. You can access the propertie
s of the object assigned to the $_ variable as you would any other object. The following example shows how you can view
the Name property of each mailbox object that is passed through the pipeline:
Get-Mailbox | ForEach { $_.Name }
Tip of the day #60:
You can import CSV files and treat them as objects by using the Import-Csv cmdlet. Each row in a CSV file becomes an ele
ment in an array, and each column becomes a property. You can assign the CSV file to a variable, or you can pipe its con
tents directly to another cmdlet. In the following example, there are three columns in the CSV file, Name, Alias, and Em
ailAddress, with several rows that the ForEach cmdlet will cycle through. The data in each row is used to create a new m
ail contact.
$CSV = Import-Csv
$CSV | ForEach { New-MailContact -Name $_.Name -Alias $_.Alias - ExternalEmailAddress $_.EmailAddress -OrganizationalUnit Users }
Tip of the day #61:
Want to customize your Exchange Management Shell profile? Run the following command to determine the location of your Mi
crosoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1 file:
$Profile
You may have to create the PSConfiguration folder and Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1 file. After you've done that, you
can add your favorite functions and aliases, which will be loaded every time that the Exchange Management Shell is open
ed.
Tip of the day #62:
Want to see everything that occurs when you run a command? Include the Verbose parameter with the command. This paramete
r instructs the Exchange Management Shell to display detailed information about each action that the server takes to com
plete the command. This information can be useful in troubleshooting.
Tip of the day #63:
Any cmdlet that accepts a size value lets you specify whether the integer value is in kilobytes (KB), megabytes (MB), gi
gabytes (GB), or terabytes (TB). For example:
Set-Mailbox "Kim Akers" -ProhibitSendQuota 200MB -UseDatabaseQuotaDefaults $False
Tip of the day #64:
Want to create a new role group for your administrators? Use the New-RoleGroup cmdlet. The New-RoleGroup cmdlet lets you
add management roles and specify the members to add to the new role group. Those members will be granted the permission
s provided by the management roles. Type:
New-RoleGroup <role group name> -Roles <role 1>, <role 2>, <role 3...> -Members <member 1>, <member 2>, <member3...>
Remember, role groups are used to grant permissions to groups of administrators or specialist end users who require spec
ial permissions. If you want to manage permissions for end users, use management role assignment policies.
Tip of the day #65:
Do you want to create a new management role assignment policy that's based on an existing policy, but you don't want to
include all the management roles? Use the Get-ManagementRoleAssignment cmdlet and pipe the results to the Where cmdlet.
The Where cmdlet excludes any role assignments that contain the roles you specify. The remaining role assignments are pi
ped to the New-ManagementRoleAssignment cmdlet. Type:
New-RoleAssignmentPolicy <new role assignment policy name>
Get-ManagementRoleAssignment -RoleAssignee <old role assignment policy name> | Where { ($_.Role -NE "<role name 1>") -An
d ($_.Role -NE "<role name 2>") } | New-ManagementRoleAssignment -Policy <new role assignment policy name>
The Where statement is case-sensitive.
Then you can apply the new policy to a mailbox using the Set-Mailbox cmdlet:
Set-Mailbox <mailbox name> -RoleAssignmentPolicy <new role assignment policy name>
Tip of the day #66:
Do you want to remove a management role from a role group, role assignment policy, USG, or user but don't know the name
of the management role assignment? Just find the role assignment with the Get-ManagementRoleAssignment cmdlet and pipe t
he results to the Remove-ManagementRoleAssignment cmdlet. Type:
Get-ManagementRoleAssignment -RoleAssignee <role assignee name> -Role <role name> | Remove-ManagementRoleAssignment
Tip of the day #67:
Exchange 2013 uses management role groups and management role assignment policies to manage permissions.
Role groups enable you to grant permissions to groups of administrators and specialist end users. These are people who m
anage your organization or perform special tasks, like mailbox searches for compliance reasons.
Role assignment policies enable you to grant permissions to your end users. These permissions include whether users can
manage their own distribution groups, edit their own profile information, access voice mail, and more.
Tip of the day #68:
Exchange 2013 uses management role groups and management role assignment policies to manage permissions.
Role groups enable you to grant permissions to groups of administrators and specialist end users. These are people who m
anage your organization or perform special tasks, like mailbox searches for compliance reasons.
Role assignment policies enable you to grant permissions to your end users. These permissions include whether users can
manage their own distribution groups, edit their own profile information, access voice mail, and more.
Tip of the day #69:
Exchange 2013 uses management role groups and management role assignment policies to manage permissions.
Role groups enable you to grant permissions to groups of administrators and specialist end users. These are people who m
anage your organization or perform special tasks, like mailbox searches for compliance reasons.
Role assignment policies enable you to grant permissions to your end users. These permissions include whether users can
manage their own distribution groups, edit their own profile information, access voice mail, and more.
Tip of the day #70:
Exchange 2013 uses management role groups and management role assignment policies to manage permissions.
Role groups enable you to grant permissions to groups of administrators and specialist end users. These are people who m
anage your organization or perform special tasks, like mailbox searches for compliance reasons.
Role assignment policies enable you to grant permissions to your end users. These permissions include whether users can
manage their own distribution groups, edit their own profile information, access voice mail, and more.
Tip of the day #71:
Management role groups enable you to grant permissions to groups of administrators and specialist end users. These are p
eople who manage your organization or perform special tasks, like mailbox searches for compliance reasons.
If you want to manage permissions for end users, use management role assignment policies.
Tip of the day #72:
Management role assignment policies enable you to grant permissions to your end users. These permissions include whether
users can manage their own distribution groups, edit their own profile information, access voice mail, and more.
If you want to manage permissions for administrators and specialist users, use management role groups.
Tip of the day #73:
Management role assignments determine what management roles are associated with management role groups and management ro
le assignment policies. Role assignments also control what objects users who are members of role groups or assignment po
licies can modify using the cmdlets available on the associated management roles.
Tip of the day #74:
The Get-RoleGroupMember cmdlet lists all the members on a management role group. But if you want to get more details abo
ut the members of the role group, use the Get-ManagementRoleAssignment cmdlet. The Get-ManagementRoleAssignment cmdlet e
nables you to view the members of universal security groups that are members of role groups, view the management scope t
hat applies, and more.
Tip of the day #75:
Do you need to store a value in a variable in a script and make sure it never changes? If so, make the variable a consta
nt using the New-Variable cmdlet. Constants can be set once and don't allow their values to be changed. For example, the
following creates the $IPAddress constant with the value 10.0.0.2.
New-Variable -Option Constant -Name IPAddress -Value "10.0.0.2"
Tip of the day #76:
To get a list of all parameters available for a cmdlet, type:
(Get-Command <Cmdlet Name>).Parameters | ft key
For example, to get all parameters for the New-TransportRule cmdlet, type:
(Get-Command New-TransportRule).Parameters | ft key
Tip of the day #77:
Did you know that you need to use the AssembleMessage script when exporting messages from a queue? For example, if you w
ant to export the message with message ID 1234 from the contoso.com queue on server Mailbox1, you need to run the follow
ing command:
Export-Message -Identity Mailbox1\contoso.com\1234 | AssembleMessage -Path "C:\ExportedMessages\Message1234.eml"
Tip of the day #78:
Wondering how many log files are generated per server every minute? Quickly find out by typing:
Get-MailboxDatabase -Server <Mailbox Server Name> | ?{ %{$_.DatabaseCopies | ?{$_.ReplayLagTime -ne [TimeSpan]::Zero -An
d $_.HostServerName -eq $env:ComputerName} } } | %{ $count = 0; $MinT = [DateTime]::MaxValue; $MaxT = [DateTime]::MinVal
ue; Get-ChildItem -Path $_.LogFolderPath -Filter "*????.log" | %{ $count = $count + 1; if($_.LastWriteTime -gt $MaxT){ $
MaxT = $_.LastWriteTime}; if($_.LastWriteTime -lt $MinT){ $MinT= $_.LastWriteTime} }; ($count / ($MaxT.Subtract($MinT)).
TotalMinutes) } | Measure-Object -Min -Max -Ave
Tip of the day #79:
Wondering how many log files are generated per database every minute? Quickly find out by typing:
Get-MailboxDatabase -Server <Mailbox Server Name> | %{ Get-ChildItem -Path $_.LogFolderPath -Filter "*????.log" | Group-
Object -Property {$_.LastWriteTime.Day,$_.LastWriteTime.Hour,$_.LastWriteTime.minute} | ?{$_.Count -gt 1} | Measure-Obje
ct -Property Count -Min -Max -Ave }
Tip of the day #80:
Get quick health and status information for your mailbox database copies by typing:
Get-DatabaseAvailabilityGroup DAG1 | %{ $_.Servers | %{ Get-MailboxDatabaseCopyStatus -Server $_ } }
Tip of the day #81:
Did you know that you can share your calendar and contacts folders with other federated Exchange 2013 organizations by f
irst creating a federation trust with the Microsoft Federation Gateway with a valid digital certificate? Just use the Ne
w-FederationTrust cmdlet and the certificate thumbprint to get started. Type:
New-FederationTrust -Name "Microsoft Federation Gateway" -Thumbprint <cetificate thumbprint>
Finish by setting up an organization relationship with another federated Exchange organization to share limited calendar
free/busy information. Type:
Get-FederationInformation -DomainName <other domain name> | New-OrganizationRelationship -Name "<name of relationship>"
-FreeBusyAccessEnabled $true -FreeBusyAccessLevel -LimitedDetails
Tip of the day #82:
Need to quickly get a list of your Exchange certificates and their thumbprints? Just use the Get-ExchangeCertificate cmd
let. Type:
Get-ExchangeCertificate | fl
Want to filter the list and include just the self-signed certificates? No problem! Type:
Get-ExchangeCertificate | where {$_.IsSelfSigned -eq $true} | fl
Tip of the day #83:
Not sure your federation trust with the Microsoft Federation Gateway is working correctly? To test if a security token c
an be retrieved, just type:
Test-FederationTrust
Tip of the day #84:
Need a report on the status of each Exchange certificate installed on all Mailbox and Client Access servers? Try this:
Test-FederationTrustCertificate
Tip of the day #85:
Need to verify that an organization relationship is correctly configured and functioning as expected for a user in an ex
ternal Exchange organization? Just type:
Test-OrganizationRelationship -UserIdentity <user email address> -Identity <external domain> -Confirm
Tip of the day #86:
Use this command to get all active mailbox move requests on a mailbox server:
$(Get-MailboxDatabaseCopyStatus -Server MBX | ?{ $_.status -eq "Mounted" }) | %{ Get-MoveRequest -TargetDatabase $_.Data
baseName } | ?{ $_.Status -ne "Completed" -and $_.Status -ne "CompletedWithWarning" }
Tip of the day #87:
Use this command to find all non-completed move requests and group them by target database:
Get-MoveRequest | ?{ $_.Status -ne "Completed" -and $_.Status -ne "CompletedWithWarning" } | group targetdatabase | sort
Count -Descending
Tip of the day #88:
Use this command to find failure messages for all failed moves:
Get-MoveRequest -MoveStatus Failed | Get-MoveRequestStatistics | ft Alias, percentcomplete, message -auto
Tip of the day #89:
Use these commands to get a snapshot of the move throughput for completed moves.
$stats = Get-MoveRequest -MoveStatus Completed | Get-MoveRequestStatistics
$stats | sort totalmailboxsize | ft Alias,{$_.totalmailboxsize.ToMB()},totalinprogressduration -auto
Tip of the day #90:
Use this command to view how many move requests are in the queue to be moved:
(Get-MoveRequest -MoveStatus Queued).count
Tip of the day #91:
Use this command to find all mailbox move requests for mailboxes on the active mailbox database copies that are hosted o
n the specified mailbox server. This command returns the display name, status of the move request, and the database to w
hich the mailbox is being moved.
$(Get-MailboxDatabaseCopyStatus -Server MBX01 | ?{ $_.status -eq "Mounted" }) | %{ Get-MoveRequest -TargetDatabase $_.Da
tabaseName }
Tip of the day #92:
Need to see a list of the URLs for a user's calendar that has been published for Internet access? Just type:
Get-MailboxCalendarFolder -Identity <user alias>:\calendar | fl
Tip of the day #93:
Did you know that you can download and integrate the latest version of Help for all cmdlets on the local Exchange server
? Type:
Update-ExchangeHelp
You need to run this command on each Exchange server to get updated Help.
